Which are the two common types of warrants in criminal procedure?

• A. Writs of assistance and blue warrants.
• B. Traffic warrants and parking warrants.
• C. Summons and subpoenas.
• D. Arrest warrants and search warrants, each issued by a judge or magistrate based on probable cause.

Answer: (D)

Warrants are court orders that authorize police actions and must be based on probable cause presented to a neutral judge or magistrate. The two common warrants are arrest warrants and search warrants. An arrest warrant allows officers to take a specific person into custody when there is probable cause to believe they committed a crime. A search warrant authorizes officers to enter a particular place and search for and seize specified items, with careful description of both the location and the items. Both types must be grounded in probable cause to protectindividual rights and are distinct from other court processes that don’t authorize arrest or search in the same way. The other options refer to processes or instruments that aren’t the standard warrants used to arrest or search in criminal procedure.